Hipoxia hipobárica en tripulantes
una breve revisión sobre etiología, riesgos y ejercicios preventivos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22480/rev.unifa.2025.38.879Palabras clave:
Hipobarico, hipoxia, ceremonias, hipoxemia, pilotosResumen
La hipoxia hipobárica se produce por la falta de oxígeno en la tripulación debido a la baja presión atmosférica. Provoca hipoxemia y los síntomas de hipoxia hipobárica aparecen progresivamente, provocando la incapacidad de las funciones ejecutivas de la tripulación. Los accidentes aéreos que involucran diferentes aeronaves y en diferentes países, debido a la aparición de hipoxia
hipobárica en las tripulaciones, han causado cientos de víctimas en la era moderna de la aviación. Para prevenirlos, periódicamente se realizan ejercicios simulados en cámaras hipobáricas con las tripulaciones con el objetivo de introducirlas en los síntomas de la hipoxia hipobárica de forma segura y controlada y permitirles así volver a actuar durante un incidente aéreo. El intervalo entre ejercicios en cámara hipobárica varía entre países y, aunque no son obligatorios, se
sugiere que un intervalo de entre tres y seis años entre ejercicios de hipoxia es apropiado para el mantenimiento efectivo de la seguridad del vuelo con respecto a los síntomas de hipoxia. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que existe una variabilidad intra e interpersonal en los síntomas de la hipoxia hipobárica.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Adriano Percival Calderaro Calvo, Danielle Filippo de Lemos
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