The future of air navigation reliability dependent on space weather
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22480/revunifa.2021.34.369Keywords:
Space weather, ionosphere, GNSS, aviationAbstract
The world’s aviation activity rises constantly, increasing aircraft density in all geographic territories. For this reason, there is a tendency of new navigation technologies to arise that,
attending requirements of integrity, accuracy, availability, and continuity, will promote maintenance of air safety, even with increasing flight numbers. The means of positioning
determination most used today at aircraft are dependent on satellites. The constellations GPS (Global Positioning System) and GLONASS
(Global Navigation Satellite System – in Russian), and the augmentation systems WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) and European
Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS), for example, are compounds of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). All the mentioned, are dependent of Earth
geomagnetic and ionosphere equilibrium. Both are targets of solar and cosmic radiation bombardments, i.e. space weather. Depending
on that phenomenon intensity, serious damages could occur on positioning systems, as in several
others, such communications and power grids. In retrospect, space weather already led to losses such as in the events of 1989 and October 2003 on CONUS American region. The forecast quality for such occurrences is still poor, while society complacency associated to this subject is high, which further extends to the aviation, considering the potential damages.
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